THE islanders are descendants of sailors who took part in the Mutiny on the Bounty in 1790.
Pitcairn was colonised by nine mutinous sailors from the crew of the Bounty led by Fletcher Christian.
They arrived from Tahiti along with 18 Polynesians.
Their story has been retold a number of times on the silver screen, including in the 1962 film Mutiny on the Bounty starring Marlon Brando and Trevor Howard.
Since 2004 a social worker has been paid for on the island, which is less than three miles wide, after a sex scandal was exposed involving six men, including the former mayor, being charged with the rape of children as young as seven.
Seven men living on the island and six living abroad would be charged with sexual activity with children.
This accounted for almost a third of the island's male population.
In 2010 the mayor of the Island was charged with 25 counts of possessing indecent images of children and following these two scnadals any child under 16 wishing to visit the island must make an "entry clearance application".
The Foreign office does not allow their staff based on the island to take their children with them. Latest estimates for the island's population put it at 49 people.
Archaeologists think the first settlers lived on the island as late as the 15th centuary but over time exhausted natural resources and eventually caused a civil war between the islanders, tragically causing the human populations to die out.
The Pacific islands were then rediscovered by the Portuguese explorer Pedro Fernandes de Queiros sailing for the Spanish crown on 26 January 1606 originally naming Pitcairn La Encarnacion.
The island was renamed by the British after it was spotted by the crew of HMS swallow in 1767. It was named after a 15-year-old Midshipman, Robert Pitcairn, who was the first to spot the island. Pitcairn was properly settled by some of the mutiners from HMS bounty in 1790.
The mutiny occured when angry crew set their captain, William Bligh adrift on 28 April 1789 in the south Pacific and the island was settled again the following year Another five years would pass before the settlers would see another ship from the island but it did not approach.
Pitcairn became a British Colony in 1838 and was eventually converted to the Seventh-day Adventist branch of Christianity druing the centuary.